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Talent Development Organization to have an HR

Question: Depict about the Talent Development for Organization to have a HR. Answer: Presentation: Divisions are the elements shaped inside an association so as to do the undertakings in a composed way. The HR division of the association needs to guarantee that the strategic, values is followed without a bomb by each worker independent of his area of expertise and assignment. HR offices inside an association are accepted to strongly affect the way of life of the working environment (Bobinski, 2016). HR office claims strength over different authoritative choices that go from recruiting to terminating. The HR office is considered liable for keeping up the assorted variety of the work environment and actualizing the approaches and systems of the association. Need of a Hr Department: Contention In my supposition, each organization ought to have a HR office. The HR experts have inside and out information on an organization's guidelines, strategies and set of principles. They have great relational aptitudes, capacity to settle on normal choices and representative work to colleagues. They have great correspondences abilities and validity to impact the higher specialists. Certainty, energy, star liveliness and the capacity to acknowledge demands are a portion of the key characteristics that a HR proficient has. Enlistment, preparing and improvement, work planning, execution estimation, rewards acknowledgment, inspiration and employment fulfillment are where HR experts should get included. Counter Argument 1-HR division as far as anyone knows offers help to the representatives of the association and simultaneously, the HR office has its reliability towards the upper administration with the end goal of execution estimation, support of order and evaluation. In this manner the conflict of interests can prompt rubbing. By and large, the HR division underpins the upper administration instead of supporting the representatives. It merits giving an idea that separated from enlistment and preparing of reasonable competitors, HR experts have a crucial job in representative turn of events, persuading and holding the workers of the organization. They are in every case promptly accessible when the representatives need any sort of help or direction. There are a few occasions where the HR office has acted the hero of workers where morals are included (Bia.ca, 2016). For instance, a circumstance where, a female worker is irritated by the leader of the office. The HR division stands firm and issues an admonition letter to the leader of the office. Counter Argument 2-HR division doesn't convey any an incentive to the association like the business, retail, and advertising office help in producing incomes, drawing in speculators and making a client base. HR experts invest the vast majority of their energy in managerial and legitimate worries of the association. They have no clue about the current and potential clients of the association, their difficulties and how an association can extend its client base (BusinessZone, 2013). What's more, they connect more significance to exercises as opposed to their results. In todays serious world, it isn't significant what you do, yet you, what is important are what you convey. Truly, the facts confirm that the exercises performed by the HR experts don't bring about direct income age, however they are liable for dealing with the most significant asset for the association labor. It is the HR office just that guarantees that all the prized workers are kept upbeat. They guarantee that the pay and different advantages (like protection, clinical repayments, LTA and so forth.) Reach the representatives on schedule. This is essential to keep the confidence of the representatives high to guarantee high profitability. Counter Argument 3-There are a few people who accept that HR experts are neither acceptable pioneers nor vital in nature. They need key administration and change the executives. The HR office can promptly give information in regards to various individuals recruited in 1 year, quantities of workers held in a year, the degree to which the representatives are happy with their occupations and so forth yet they can't interface these parameters with business execution (Davenport, 2015). HR experts need business keenness. For instance, the preparation that is granted during the underlying long stretches of joining doesn't assist with upgrading the presentation of the workers. The preparation modules intended for new joiners are not sensitive to the activity necessities. The HR office attempts to get consistency and normalization in a various and complex workforce. In this way, re-appropriating is a superior choice for enlistment, learning and improvement projects, and wellbeing and prosperi ty standards. We ought to consistently consider the way that the HR office consistently makes a differentiation among the representatives based on their presentation. The representatives that perform well are given prizes acknowledgment, compensation climb, work advancements, and so forth. HR experts are engaged with benchmarking the pay rates against industry norms based on capability, work understanding, capacity and profile of the representatives. Every single worker inside the association doesn't give similar advantages (Davidson, 2005). Preparing modules are intended for new just as existing representatives to improve execution. The preparation modules are reconsidered every now and then, and change based on division and assignment. A few modules are made accessible on business morals and whistle blowing. This cultivates agreement in the working environment. HR experts give vital contributions during profession arranging, representative commitment, structuring a correspondence/criticism frame work, work planning worker strengthening activities, planning a compensation framework and so forth. Counter Argument 4-Some workers feel that the HR offices work at an exceptionally moderate pace. For instance, execution examinations are very tedious. Documentation is required for every single exchange. To exacerbate the situation, representatives feel that the exhibition assessments and execution examinations are not reasonable (de Waal, 2013). There is a motivation behind why documentation is finished. In the course of recent years, a few laws and guidelines have been presented by government bodies and administrative specialists whom the associations need to stand. For instance, rules with respect to wellbeing and security of workers, reasonable work compensation, leave qualification and so forth. Because of the unpredictability of these guidelines, the HR office takes sensible alerts. For the exhibition examinations, the rating is finished by the administrators based on different parameters like the capacity to step up to the plate, capacity to drive business, group the executives, hazard taking capacity, certainty, acknowledgment to change, relentlessness and so on (Harolds et al., 2014). The HR division has nothing to do with the appraisals given to the workers of an association. End: We can close the theme by saying that it is fundamental for an association to have a HR division. A HR calling ought to have the accompanying characteristics to raise the stepping stool of progress and help the association accomplish its goals in the most ideal way: Ability advancement: It is the obligation of the HR group to enlist the correct possibility for the employment opportunities in the organization. When a representative gets locally available, HR office needs to build up a preparation program so as to upgrade his proficiency. It is imperative to screen the exhibition of representatives and perceive their ability and difficult work. Adaptable: The most significant job of the HR proficient is being receptive, as the unforeseen can happen whenever. There are circumstances like a break of the set of accepted rules, issues identified with segregation and badgering, issues identified with between departmental clashes and so on (Kazmi, Hasnu and Jamil, 2015). Every circumstance ought to be taken care of thoughtfully. Respectability: The conduct of HR expert ought to consistently display trustworthiness and honesty. Different workers of the association admire the HR office for the high social gauges. Set of accepted rules ought to be followed while managing circumstances. Secrecy: HR proficient approaches a lot of data that ought not be revealed, for example, installment records, disciplinary records, clinical records, and past managers reference (Mihalache, 2012) Relational abilities: A HR expert ought to have phenomenal correspondences aptitudes and validity to impact the workers of the association and ought to be sufficiently sure to put over his point. Group the board and administration: It is significant for a HR proficient having the option to fill in as a colleague and a group head. It is essential to comprehend the perspectives and practices of individuals in the gathering. There are various phases of gathering development and the job of group pioneer shifts in each stage(Merry, 2013). There must be appropriate correspondence between colleagues and there ought to be bunch standards relevant to each colleague. They ought to draw in representatives from every single progressive level to guarantee hierarchical achievement. References Bia.ca. (2016).5 Key Factors to Successful Strategic Planning | Business Improvement Architects. [online] Available at: https://bia.ca/5-key-factors-to-effective vital arranging 2/[Accessed 2 Aug. 2016]. Bobinski, D. (2016).The job of HR in vital arranging. [online] Management-Issues.com. Accessible at: https://www.management-issues.com/sentiment/1137/the-job of-hr-in-key arranging/[Accessed 2 Aug. 2016]. BusinessZone. (2013).10 Reasons Why Companies May Need HR Support. [online] Available at: https://www.businesszone.co.uk/network voice/online journals/sbeale/10-reasons-why-organizations may-require hr-support [Accessed 2 Aug. 2016]. Davenport, T. (2015). How HR assumes its job in initiative development.Strategic HR Review, 14(3), pp.89-93. Davidson, G. (2005). Why HR re-appropriating proceeds to expand.Human Resource Management International Digest, 13(3), pp.3-5. de Waal, A. (2013). Utilizing the novel job of HR to e

Ambien Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, & Treatment

Ambien Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, & Treatment February 16, 2020 More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Methods and Support Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Signs & Symptoms Coping & Relief Warnings Long-Term Treatment Ambien (zolpidem) is a prescription medication used to treat insomnia. It belongs to a group of drugs called sedative-hypnotics that work by depressing the central nervous system and slowing down brain activity. While Ambien is generally considered safer than certain other sedatives, it can still be misused. Long-term use may lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal.  Verywell / Gary Ferster Overview If you’ve been taking large doses of Ambien for more than a few weeks, you may experience withdrawal symptoms upon stopping. These symptoms can range from a general unwell feeling to tremors, panic attacks, and vomiting. Case reports suggest that withdrawal symptoms are most common among people who quit abruptly after long-term or heavy use.  Ambien is also sometimes used recreationally (which includes taking larger doses than prescribed or intentionally staying awake after taking) to take advantage of the drug’s intoxicating effects. Ambien dependence is more likely in people with a history of drug or alcohol misuse. Dependence and withdrawal are rare in people taking Ambien exactly as directed, but it can happen. According to the drug manufacturer, withdrawal symptoms appear in about 1% of people taking a therapeutic dose. However, clinical trials did not incorporate the experiences of people misusing Ambien. The effects of Ambien are akin to alcohol intoxication, causing impaired judgment, slurred speech, and behavioral changes. Ambien misuse is most common among teenagers and young adults. Occasional recreational use in social situations sometimes develops into a regular habit. The drug is sometimes used as a substitute for other substances or to counterbalance the effects of stimulants and is sometimes snorted or injected for that purpose. People in drug treatment programs may start using it to treat withdrawal symptoms or to get high on something that doesn’t show up on most drug tests. Signs Symptoms Although it was previously believed to be rare, new research suggests that withdrawal symptoms may be common among those who take the drug more frequently or in higher doses than prescribed.?? Unfortunately, there is very little data available about Ambien withdrawal, and further research is needed. From reports of specific cases, clinicians know that Ambien withdrawal can range from mild to severe and depend on factors such as how long you have used Ambien, the dosage youre taking, in what form youve taken Ambien (i.e., swallowed as a pill vs. snorting or injecting the substance), and your unique genetic makeup. Mild symptoms can include insomnia and restlessness. These symptoms may be bothersome and can interfere slightly with your day-to-day activities. Severe withdrawal symptoms, which would prevent you from engaging in normal activities, include flu-like symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, sweating, and muscle cramps. There are reports of people experiencing severe anxiety and nervousness. It is also possible to experience tremors, become lightheaded, have a panic attack, or even potentially have a seizure. Ambien withdrawal symptoms would begin within several hours to a couple of days after your last dose and should resolve within a matter of days. Possible Ambien Withdrawal Symptoms Physical Restlessness Hand tremors Headache Sweating Racing pulse Hyperventilation Nausea or vomiting Aches and pains Speech difficulties Hypertension Psychological Anxiety Panic attacks Insomnia Confusion or delirium These symptoms may be compounded by the effects of other substances youre taking. Coping Relief If you take a regular therapeutic dose of Ambien, it is unlikely that you will experience withdrawal symptoms. You may, however, have trouble sleeping without it. To train your body to fall asleep without sleep aids, you may choose to taper your dose over the course of one to two weeks. You can use a pill cutter, which you can pick up at any pharmacy, to chop your pill into halves and quarters. You should, however, consult your doctor before making changes to your medications. If you are still having trouble sleeping, consider talking to your doctor about melatonin as an alternative. Melatonin is a natural chemical produced in the brain that helps regulate your sleep cycles. As you get older, your brain doesn’t produce as much melatonin as it used to. A melatonin supplement at bedtime can help. There are also other herbal remedies that can help you fall asleep, such as valerian root and chamomile tea.   If you are experiencing severe symptoms of Ambien withdrawal, your doctor or inpatient programs physician may recommend the short-term use of a sedative such as Klonopin (clonazepam), an antipsychotic like Seroquel (quetiapine), or an anticonvulsant such as Neurontin (gabapentin). How Exactly Does Stress Affect Sleep? Warnings Talk to your doctor before making any changes to your medication. If you are worried about withdrawal, your doctor can help you safely taper down your dose. If you are pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant, talk to your doctor right away. Ambien can be potentially harmful to a developing fetus. If you regularly take a higher than normal dose of Ambien, you may be at increased risk of severe withdrawal symptoms. You should speak with your doctor and refrain from self-medicating with other drugs or alcohol. Long-Term Treatment Recovery from an Ambien use disorder can be difficult. If you are having trouble quitting or are trying to quit more than one substance, then it’s important to ask for help. That help may be medical, psychological, or social. Outpatient treatment comes in many forms. You may choose to start with your regular doctor or a psychiatrist who can help you with medically-assisted detox. You may also choose to see a therapist for therapy. Psychotherapy can help you identify triggers that motivate your substance use and teach you the skills to handle those situations. Other long-term treatment options include group therapy sessions and 12-Step meetings. Group therapy sessions are offered at hospitals and addiction treatment centers. 12-Step meetings like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) take place every day in cities and towns throughout the country. If you need more support than outpatient treatments or 12-Step programs can provide, you may want to consider spending some time in an inpatient treatment facility. Resources If you are ready to quit taking Ambien, the best place to start is with your prescribing doctor. Your doctor can advise you about the best way to quit and help you develop a plan to deal with any potential withdrawal symptoms. If you or someone you love is struggling with other substance use issues, you may want to seek out a qualified mental health provider or addiction specialist. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) offers a searchable directory that can help you find a provider in your area. You can also call SAMHSA’s national helpline at 1-800-662-HELP. To find a 12-Step meeting in your area, use searchable online directories for Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous. A Word From Verywell Ambien use disorder is a potentially serious problem. If you have been taking Ambien in ways other than how it was prescribed or are worried about Ambien withdrawal symptoms, dont hesitate to ask for help. How to Find the Right Addiction Recovery Program

Caesar, Crassus, Pompey and The First Triumvirate

Bonds,Bonds Rating, and Types of Bonds Example

Essays on Bonds,Bonds Rating, and Types of Bonds Essay Bonds and their Ratings Bonds and their Ratings A bond can be defined as a financial instrument that indicates indebtedness of the issuer to the bond holder, the former being obliged to repay the principal plus accumulated interest over a certain period (Maeda, 2009). A bond is therefore a type of debt security. Bonds are usually issued by corporate bodies or the government to investors. Often, they are used by the government to obtain finances for various activities or projects. The bond issuer is required to define the terms or repayment and the interest rates to be paid to the bond holders. A maturity date is also identified which is basically the principal sum ought to be repaid. Prior to issuance of the bonds, rating has to be carried out and a rating awarded. Bond rating is necessary as it enables the holder to know the ability of the issuer to pay the coupons and principal in a timely manner or as agreed. At the time of issuance, coupon rates (interest rates) as well as other obligations such as maturity date have to be defined and agreed upon by the issuer and the holder. Bonds ratings are carried out majorly by three agencies; Standard Poor’s (S P), Fitch Ratings and Moody’s Investors Service (Maeda, 2009). By analyzing various statistical aspects, letters which indicate ratings are assigned on the bonds. For instance, S P, Moody’s and Fitch designate bonds as follows. FITCH MOODY’S S P RATING DESCRIPTION AAA Aaa AAA Extremely strong in making repayments AA+, AA AA- Aa1, Aa2 Aa3 AA+, AA AA- Very strong A+, A A- A1, A2 A3 A+, A A- Strong BBB+, BBB BBB- Baa1, Baa2 Baa3 BBB+, BBB BBB- Adequate BB+, BB BB- Ba1, Ba2 Ba3 BB+, BB BB- Less vulnerable B+, B B- B1, B2 B3 B+, B B- More vulnerable CCC Caa CCC Currently vulnerable CC Ca CC Currently highly-vulnerable C C Currently highly-vulnerable D C D Evidence of failing to pay Above: A table showing various ratings and their descriptions. There are a variety of bonds available to holders, each with differing term agreements, coupon rates and other characteristics. The following are the various categories of bonds. Treasury bonds These bonds are also known as government bonds. This is because they are bonds issued by the federal government. Treasury bonds are categorized as risk free bonds. They are not exposed to any risks such as call risk and credit risk. Their returns, although minimal compared to other bonds is guaranteed by the federal government (Maeda, 2009). Municipal bonds These bonds are issued by the local government, state, a city or their respective agencies. A distinguishing characteristic of these bonds is that their returns are tax exempt from the federal government. In addition, they may also be exempted from taxation by the local governments (Maeda, 2009). Zero-coupon bonds A major characteristic of these bonds is that they do not pay interest on a regular basis like other bonds. However, holders are usually given a huge discount par value. The holder therefore receives a huge bonus at maturity which includes the interest. Convertible bonds These are bonds that can be exchanged for other securities such as shares of stock. This can only be done at the option of the bondholder provided that the shares of stock are issued by the bond issuer. This is an extra feature added by corporations to make debenture bonds less risky in nature. These bonds usually exhibit a stipulated conversion bonds (Maeda, 2009). High-yield bonds These are also known as junk bonds. These bonds pay a high level of interest although they are categorized as high risk. The rating of these bonds falls below the investment grade. Fixed rate bonds These types of bonds pay a fixed rate of interest throughout the period and before their maturity period. Fixed rate bonds may lose value in case of high inflation rates. Collable bonds These types of bonds can be bought back before maturity date by the issuer, a scenario common some of preferred stocks. Companies are allowed to exercise this right in situations where current interest rates obligations are higher compared to a scenario where it would issue new bonds at a lower interest (Maeda, 2009). Mortgage bonds The issuer of these bonds pledges property as a guarantee to the bondholder that all payments will be paid. Failure to make the payments, the bondholder has the legal right to acquire the property under the pledge. Subordinate bonds These are bonds that are given lower priority by the issuer in making payments compared to other bonds during liquidation. For example, in case the issuer is declared bankruptcy, some creditors holding senior bonds are paid first (Maeda, 2009). Exchangeable bonds These are a type of bonds that give the bondholder a right to exchange them for stock of another company under certain terms. In most cases, the issuer may have a stake in the other company or it may be a subsidiary (Maeda, 2009). Reference Maeda, M. (2009). The complete guide to investing in bonds and bond funds: How to earn high rates of return--safely. Ocala, Fla: Atlantic Pub. Group.

Marketing Research Report on Co-op Bookshop Free Essays

Marketing 202 Research Report Co-op Bookshop Executive Summary Co-op is a bookshop in Macquarie University at North Ryde Campus, and it sales new textbooks and references books to students, as well as popular novels and so on. However, after beginning of the semester, the quantity of sales of Co-op has an obvious decline. In this situation, our group use online survey method to collect questionnaires from 108 students in Macquarie University at North Ryde, and with the purpose of measuring students potential purchase behaviors and attitudes towards the Co-op, in order to help Co-op to improve the sales. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Research Report on Co-op Bookshop or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through use of the SPSS program, frequency, one-sample t-tests, cross tabulation and Chi-Square Tests data to show and analyze results of the survey, then in the following report there are four points can be concluded, and three commendations can be found. The most obviously one is that most of the students prefer to buy textbooks at a much lower price, compared with the demand for book quality, cheaper price seems more attractive. That is, although the second hand bookshop cannot to be a competitor on service and quality with Co-op bookshop, potential price threats could be bring to influence the Co-op bookshop’s sales volume. Then do some price promotional activities in Co-op is necessary. Table of content Introduction3 Hypothesis4 Research objectives4 Methods5 Results and finding6 Analysis16 Limitations19 Conclusion19 Recommendations20 Appendix21 Introduction University students are big and traditional market for textbooks, references books, magazines and journals, especially those with strong professional and academic focuses. Facing such a market, it is critical for bookshop owners to understand how to efficiently operate and manage the bookshops so as to meet the demands of the particular customer group and keep the business going under the fierce competitions from other channels. A traditional bookshop providing regular book categories and services may not satisfy this particular group and consequently ends with poor sales results. This report is based on the study on the Co-op, a bookshop in Macquarie University. It is observed that when the new semester begins, Co-op bookshop, with convenient access and abundant variety of stocks, becomes a destination for students to get new textbooks; however, sales shrink dramatically after the opening weeks. In this situation, our group tries to figure out the potential demands from the student group by understanding their purchase behaviors and attitudes towards the Co-op bookshop. A survey is made to understand the gap between the actual demands from the students and the current operation situation at the Co-op, and consequently to help Co-op to improve the sales. We use online survey method to collect questionnaires from 108 students in Macquarie University at North Ryde. In the following report, diagrams are used to discuss and analyze the survey result related to the research topics. Hypothesis †¢ Macquarie University students prefer to buy brand-new books at the Co-op bookshop rather than to get used books in second hand markets. †¢ Only Co-op bookshop sells new textbooks and academic references in Macquarie University. †¢ Quite a portion of the students are using second hand book, feeling easy with them. This is one of the reasons that make the sales shrink for the Co-op bookshop. †¢ Student opinions on the discounts offered by the Co-op bookshop are diverted. The student preferences survey shows that half students appreciate the discounts from the Co-op while the rest do not show big interest on it. Research objectives Several key objectives are decided for this research: – To identify the students group who prefer to buy textbook or other academic references in Co-op bookshop. To identify the student who are likely to join the membership to have discount plans with Co-op bookshop. – To measure student attitudes and beliefs about buying new books at Co-op bookshop. – To identify the level of satisfaction of the students who use second hand books. These research objectives are presented on the survey questions and will be explained in details in later part of this report. The research objectives are used to identify whether Co-op bookshop should enhance pric e promotion or leverage other methods in order to increase sales profit. The survey questions are based on the research objectives to help figure out an efficient promotion method. Methods Questionnaire survey is designed for this study since it is inexpensive, timesaving, and convenient. When properly designed, this method is very efficient because the survey questions are eligible for collecting opinions on multiple subjects from a large number of people. This research is targeted at all Macquarie University students at North Ryde campus. The feedback rate for this survey is 95%. 08 students are sampled after wiping off invalid questionnaires. We collect these samples using random sampling. We spread this survey question randomly to our classmates, student in library, student in SAM building and canteen. The statistical methods used to analyze the data are obtained through the SPSS Program. Through the use of SPSS program, frequencies, one-sample t-tests, cross tabulation and Chi-Square Tests data are generated reflecting the results of the survey. Resu lts and finding Question 1 |If you want to buy some books, which way comes to your mind first? | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent| |Valid | | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid | | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid | | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |I don’t want to |14 |13. 0 |58. 3 | | |pay the | | | | | |membership fee | | | | [pic] 14 students out of 24 say they don’t want to join because of the membership fee, which makes up 58. 3 percent; 7 students out of 24 think the discount is too low to be attractive, which constitutes 29. 2% of total valid samples; 3 students out of 24 claim that they have no idea about the membership, the 12. 5%. We have expected a lower percent on the fee consideration, because the fee is not high and is apparently beneficial with 10% saved on each purchase. This percentage is obviously higher than our expectation. 29. 17% of students think the discount rate is the reason, however we have expected this number to be higher, because the main benefits of membership is the discount. Discount also to some degrees shortens the gaps between brand-new and second-hand books on the price consideration. Thus we expect the main reason of not getting membership is due to a discount lower than students’ expectation. Question6: If the Co-op bookshop sells combined textbooks cheaper than the separate one, do you prefer to buy? |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Yes |74 |68. 5 |68. 5 |68. 5 | | |No |14 |13. 0 |13. 0 |81. 5 | | |I do not care |20 |18. 5 |18. 5 |100. 0 | | |Total |108 |100. 0 |100. 0 | | [pic] For this question, 68. % of the students appreciate the bundled offer at a more favorable price than that for individual sales at the Co-op bookshop. The bundle promotion type not only attract the student with textbook demand, with Co-op gradually recognized as a resort for favorable seller, more people will think of Co-op whenever they want to search for some other references. This probably will bring back the rest 18. 5% people who initially say no to the Co-op. Thus the demand for new textbook in MQ campus will ramp up, and the Co-op bookshop will sell more books than ever, even the profit per each sales decrease a little, then the overall profit will increase with higher sales volume. Question7: If Co-op bookshop provides  extra discount  on the  other  books besides textbooks periodically,  would you like to come? | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Yes |63 |58. 3 |58. 3 |58. 3 | | |No |45 |41. 7 |41. 7 |100. 0 | | |Total |108 |100. 0 |100. 0 | | [pic] From this question, our group wants to know the attitude of the students in North Ryde MQ campus towards books other than textbooks. From the diagram this survey reveals a satisfactory result with 58. 3% people in the survey willing to buy other books from the Co-op shop. For the rest 41. 7% who claim no intention to buy books other than textbooks, we think this will not impact the sales and promotion strategy of the Co-op shop to ignore the potential market demand other than textbooks in North Ryde MQ campus. Question8: Have you used second hand textbook before? | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Yes |92 |85. 2 |85. 2 |85. | | |No |16 |14. 8 |14. 8 |100. 0 | | |Total |108 |100. 0 |100. 0 | | | | | | | | | [pic] The result of this question turns out that about 85. 2% students in our survey have used secondhand textbook, with only 14. 8% using only new books. This reveals that the biggest competitor of Co-op shop is second hand bookshop. Question 9: What are you feeling when using second hand textbook? |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Regretful |7 |6. 5 |6. 6 |6. 6 | | |Poor |25 |23. 1 |23. 6 |30. 2 | | |Good |59 |54. 6 |55. 7 |85. 8 | | |Excellent |11 |10. 2 |10. 4 |96. 2 | | |Delightful |6 |5. 5 |3. 8 |100. 0 | |Total |108 |100. | | | [pic] The result further expands the discovery in the previous question. The result shows 6. 5% of the surveyed people thinking regretful for the quality of second hand books and 23. 1% feeling them poor; while 54. 6% finding them as a good choice, 10. 2% believing second hand books just excellent and 5. 5% reporting delightful user experience. That means about 70. 3% people in the survey think second hand book markets are better resorts for textbook and they prefer using it given that they have convenient access to them. Therefore, this result of this question confirms again that the biggest competitor of Co-op shop is second hand bookshop. Question 10: |Are you an international student? | | | | | | | | | | |Gender |Total | | | | |Male |Female | | |% Within Gender |100. 0% |100. 0% |100. 0% | Chi-Square Tests | | | |b. Computed only for a 2Ãâ€"2 table | Among the surveyed student, 83. 7% male students and 72. 9% female have Co-op bookshop membership, which does not stand for distinct difference between gender groups. The result is reflected in the Chi-square test table. The p-value in chi-square tests is more than 5% cut-off, thus the gender has no significant impact on people decision to get membership or not. |Are you an international student? * What’s your feeling when you use the second hand textbook? Cross tabulation | | | | |Value |df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |2. 009a |4 |. 734 | |Likelihood Ratio |2. 323 |4 |. 677 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |1. 329 |1 |. 249 | |N of Valid Cases |108 | | | |a. 5 cells (50. 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is . 37. | | Question 9 reveals student attitudes towards second hand textbook, with 7. 1%, 24. 5%, 55. 1%, 10. 2% and 3. 1% of the surveyed students claiming second hand book user experience as regretful, poor, good, excellent and delightful. In total 108 surveyed students, 98 are international students and only 10 are local students. However, their opinions do not vary much as reflected in the Chi-square test table. A p-value of 0. 734 that is more than 5% cut-off, thus the feeling of using second hand books is not significant affected by whether the students are international or local. |Which facility are you in? Have you used the second hand textbook before? Cross tabulation | | | | | Value |df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)| |Pearson Chi-Square |3. 261a |3 |. 353 | |Likelihood Ratio |2. 576 |3 |. 462 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |. 529 |1 |. 467 | |N of Valid Cases |108 | | | |a. 6 cells (75. %) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is . 59. | From the cross tabulation, 87. 2% students majored in business/economic have used second hand book, turning out the highest rate among the rest groups. Only 60% human science students have used second hand book, which becomes the lowest in the survey. In average, 85. 2% out of total 108 students have used second hand book, which mean in this campus, the second hand book market is a big rivalry to Co-op bookshop. However, in the chi-square test, the p-value of more than 5% cut off indicates that facility has no significant impact on student decision to use second hand books or not. Limitations There are many limitations affecting our projects, for all Likert questions, we try to provide the respondents a chance to answer in neutral way to reflect a true situation of the book sales on campus. However, some people give up in the middle of survey with the questionnaire half complete. If these data are recorded for the data analysis, the inaccuracy will be introduced in the final result. Therefore, these survey input must be manually removed before the analysis. Another limitation is that the survey samples are not diverse enough, with most respondents being international students but only 10 out of 108 students as local. This reason may affect the accuracy of data result. This problem could have been avoided with careful selection of the sample student and more samples. Moreover, the descriptions for questions do not make sense in their word meaning, which confuse the student and affect their answers. We should have more carefully reviewed the descriptions and adding necessary explanations before handing them out for the survey. Conclusion According to the results of the survey discussed and analyzed above, the following points form North Ryde’s Macquarie University students can be concluded. Firstly, most of the students go to Co-op bookshop for textbooks at the beginning of the semester. Secondly, most of the students have a membership even they do not choose to buy books at the Co-op bookshop at the first thought. This finding does not show big variation between the gender groups. Thirdly, although it is obvious that second hand bookshop cannot compete on service and quality with Co-op bookshop, most of the students prefer to buy textbooks at a much lower price while the demand for book quality are not that important to them compared with the price At the same time, buying second handbooks are not divided between the international students and the local students, or among the facilities they are in. Thus, second hand bookshop turns out to be a threat to Co-op bookshop sales in Macquarie University. Moreover, from the data that received in the survey, it seems that the reason why most students are not willing to become members of the Co-op bookshop is the extra membership fee. Recommendations †¢ From the survey it can be found that most students like to purchase the textbooks in bundle at a favorable price, because it is cheaper than purchasing separately. It would be feasible for Co-op bookshop to offer more bundled selection to increase sales volume. Qui te some students think the discount rate to be unsatisfactorily low, which prompts the Co-op bookshop to offer a higher discount rate to attract these students. †¢ Most students only go to the Co-op bookshop for textbooks at the beginning of the semesters. Thus, the Co-op bookshop shall put more emphasis on promotion by, for example, handing out more advertisement fliers to students to explain favorable offerings and to spread recent promotion activities so as to attract the potential customers. Appendix Q1 [pic] If you want to buy some books, which way comes to your mind first? †¢ [pic]The co-op bookshop †¢ [pic]2nd hand bookshop †¢ [pic]Other book stores Q2 [pic] Have you  ever  bought books from the co-op bookshop? †¢ [pic]Yes †¢ [pic]No | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | |If No Is Selected, Then Skip To End of Survey | | |Edit | | | | | | Q3 [pic] Which  time period do you go to the Co-op bookshop often? †¢ [pic]beginning of the semester †¢ [pic]interim of the semester †¢ [pic]end of semester †¢ [pic]aperiodicity Q4 [pic] Were you joining membership of Co-op bookshop? †¢ [pic]Yes †¢ [pic]No | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | |If Yes Is Selected, Then Skip To if the co-op bookshop sells combined textbooks†¦ | | |Edit | | | | | | Q5 [pic] Why do you not join a member of the Co-op bookshop? †¢ [pic]I don’t want to pay the membership fee †¢ [pic]The membership discount too low †¢ [pic]I have never known about the membership †¢ [pic]I have never bought books in the Co-op bookshop †¢ Q6 [pic] If the Co-op bookshop sells combined textbooks cheaper than the  separate one, do you prefer to buy? †¢ [pic]Yes †¢ [pic]No †¢ [pic]I do not care Q7 [pic] If Co-op bookshop provide  extra discount  on  the  other  books (except textbook) periodically,  would you like to come? †¢ [pic]Yes †¢ [pic]No Q8 [pic] Have you used the second hand textbook before? †¢ [pic]Yes †¢ [pic]No Q9 [pic] What’s the feeling when you use the second hand textbook? |Regretful |Poor |Good |Excellent |Delightful | |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | Q10 [pic] Are you an international student? †¢ [pic]Yes †¢ [pic]No Q11 [pic] Gender †¢ [pic]Male †¢ [pic]Female Q12 [pic] Which  facility are you in? †¢ [pic]Art †¢ [pic]Human Science †¢ [pic]Business/Economic †¢ [pic]Science How to cite Marketing Research Report on Co-op Bookshop, Essays

Monopoly of the United States Postal Service

A monopoly is a market system where one supplier has command over the whole or nearly the entire market. The supplier therefore has the ability to dictate the market in his favor. The ability to dictate can be on prices, packaging and service delivery among others (Money, 2011). This paper discusses the United States postal service in its capacity as a monopoly.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The United States Postal Service The United States Postal Service was established in 1775 by the then continental congress. A post master general was named who effectively coordinated the postal services in the interest the Americans’ welfare. The congress then later directed the expansion of the postal service to include the costal and western regions. The expansion of services continued later. The access to the postal service was enhanced during the mid nineteenth century when the congress lowered the mailing rates making the service more affordable and accessible. This was followed by the introduction of mail deliveries to door steps at absolutely no cost. Another service, the parcel post was introduced by the â€Å"post office department† in the year 1913. The postal department was then awarded a monopoly by the congress to protect it from private firms which could selectively provide services on the basis of profitability. Further legislations have since been made to enhance the service delivery of the department that is currently known as the United States postal service. The postal service became a monopoly under the legislation of the congress. This monopoly was formed by a legislative act and not by any merger. It can therefore be said to have been formed naturally (USPS, 2008). Impact of the Postal Service on the Market The postal service has had significant impact in the American market. Its extensive service that handles hundreds of billions of mails in a year has enhanced communication both in the social and economic aspects. The postal service provided a means of communication among entities ranging from mail deliveries to money transfers. This had an impact of a fostered communication among people and entities especially before other modes of communications like the mobile phones and the internet were widely developed. It has also had negative impacts in its services. There have in the past been outcries over increased postal rates which can be attributed to lack of competition (Gale, 2011) Being formed by a legislation of the congress, the postal service can be classified as a government monopoly. Government monopolies are those monopolies that are established as a result of legislation passed by a government to protect a given market. In its case the United States postal service was established as a monopoly to protect it from private investors who would be selec tive in service delivery with profit as the guiding factor and not provision of the necessary services to people (USPS, 2008).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The postal service can be seen to have an extensively distributed network all over the United States. The supply of its services is therefore not limited as one of its legal mandate is the service delivery to the citizens (USPS, 2008). Geddes explains that as any state owned monopoly, the postal service at times offer prices that are bellow reasonable in order to force private competitors out of the market. This can be done even if its net effect is a loss to the state cooperation (Geddes, 2003). The postal service does not directly discriminate on prices but had in earlier years been accused of indirect discrimination of offering specialized services to second class mailers at no extra charge (FTP, n.d.). Ref erences FTP. (n.d.) Post Office. FTP Resource. Retrieved from: web. Gale. (2011). United States Postal Service. Business High Beam. Web. Geddes, R. (2003). Opportunities for Anticompetitive Behavior in Postal Services. American Entreprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Retrieved from: http://www.aei.org/ Money. ( 2011). Monopoly. Money Terms. Retrieved from: https://moneyterms.co.uk/ USPS. (2008). Universal Service and the Postal Monopoly. United States Postal Services. Retrieved from: https://www.usps.com/Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This research paper on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service was written and submitted by user Alessandro Carrillo to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.